The weirs do not differ essentially from those already described as built. for the capture of salmo and shad, along with which the alewi’V’es are taken in such waters as are frequented by thos species. This method is in use in the tidal part of every river where alewives abound. The sein are the same as the shad-seines already described. They have recently almost wholly goue o of use, but are plied in a few localities, among which may be mentioned the lower part of Da ariscotta River. Drift-nets, with a mesh of 2 inches, have been employed for catching alewive down to recent times in the Kennebec River, but have now been abandoned. They were ca from a boat at night, the bauk.s of the channel just outside of the weirs being eonsi<lere<l the be ground. There has never been a time when many alewives were taken in this way, and the are not known to have been so taken iu any other river. Set-nets have been used only in a fe localitiea and to a very limited extent.
The dip-net fisheries for alewives are next in importance to the weir fisheries. It is by this method that the alewives are taken at Damariscotta Mills, Warren, East Machias, and Dennys ville. The dip-net is a very economical piece of apparatus, and requires no very expensive fixtures, but for its effective use it is essential that all the alewfres sllall be compelled to pass a narrow or d ifficult place within reach of the nets. This only happens in rivers where their spawni ng.grounds lie above tide-water, and where obstructions, natural or artificial, exist.
The form and construction of the dip-net vary considerably in different localities. Those found of late in use at Damariscotta and Warren have woo1len bows bent into an oval form 2 feet wide and seized on to wooden handles, the bag being knit of coarse cotton twine and h ung about 3 feet deep ; they are plied in narrow basins or artificial inclosures which the fish are allowed to enter. At East Machias, where the fish are dipped directly from the open river, they use larger nets 5 feet deep, lrnng on a steel bow 3 feet in diameter, t the end of a pole from 10 to 17 feet long. Platforms arc erected at points most convenient for dipping ; generally along-side a pool just below an obstruction, where the fish congregate. It is nec<•ssary that the water be swift and somewhat broken, otherwise the fish will dodge the net. Upon the platform are also the tubs or bins into which the 1ish are thrown as they are dipped. These fisheries are operated almost wholly in the afternoons of pleasant days. In cloudy weather the alewives are very backward about attempting the ascent past difficult places, and at night tlley invariably fall back into quiet pools, where they lie until the next day is well advanced. ‘f be run of fish lasts about a month, but the most of the catch is often effected during a single week at the height of the season.
The alewife fisheries have in numerous instances been from an early day held as m unic pal property by the towns in which they are located. They have been generally, if not always, appropriated in accordance with an enabling act of the legislature, which describes in detail the way in which they shall be managed. In some cas cs, the towns are to choose ”fish committees,” who shall capture the fish, personally or by proxy ; in other cases the pri vilege of taking them is to be sold at auction to the highest bidder, but in either case it is generally provided tha t citizens of the town shall be allowed to buy limited quantities of fish at a fixed price, and certain poor people are supplied gratis. If there is a surplus the committee or the lessee can dispose of them as they see fit. These town fisheries in most cases nominally include also salmon and sb11d, but on the small rivers both of those species have long since been practically exterminated.